第二類條件句
型態
在第二類條件句中，if 子句使用的時態是過去簡單式，而主要子句的時態是現在條件式或現在進行條件式。
| if 子句（條件/情況） | 主要子句（結果） |
|---|---|
| if + 過去簡單式 | 現在條件式或現在進行條件式 |
| If this thing happened | that thing would happen. |
就如所有條件句，子句的順序並沒有硬性規定。當您要改變子句的順序時，必須重新安排代名詞的位置，以及調整標點符號，但意思基本上是一樣的。
舉例
- If it rained, you would get wet.
- You would get wet if it rained.
- If you went to bed earlier you wouldn't be so tired.
- You wouldn't be so tired if you went to bed earlier.
- If she fell, she would hurt herself.
- She would hurt herself if she fell.
作用
第二類條件句論及不可能或假設性的情況，以及該情況可能會有的結果，這類句子並非根據實際情況。在第二條件句的時間指的是現在或任何時候，而情況是假設的。
舉例
- If the weather wasn't so bad, we would go to the park.（但天氣太糟所以我們不能去）
- If I was the Queen of England, I would give everyone a chicken.（但我並不是皇后）
- If you really loved me, you would buy me a diamond ring.
- If I knew where she lived, I would go and see her.
「if I were」是正確的，也很普遍；而「if I was」並不屬於條件句或虛擬語氣的用法。
舉例
- If I were taller, I would buy this dress.
- If I were 20, I would travel the world.
- If I were you, I would give up smoking.
- If I were a plant, I would love the rain.
在第二類條件句中，您也可以在主要子句用情態助動詞取代 would，以表達肯定程度、允諾或有關結果的建議。
舉例
- We might buy a larger house if we had more money
- He could go to the concert if you gave him your ticket.
- If he called me, I couldn't hear.
現在條件式
任何動詞的現在條件式都是以兩個要素組成：
would + 主要動詞不定詞（不帶有 to）
| 主詞 | + would | + 不定詞 |
|---|---|---|
| He | would | go |
| They | would | stay |
現在條件式，以 To Go 為例
| 肯定句 | 否定句 | 疑問句 | 否定疑問句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I would go | I wouldn't go | Would I go? | Wouldn't I go? |
| You would go | You wouldn't go | Would you go? | Wouldn't you go? |
| He would go | He wouldn't go | Would he go? | Wouldn't he go? |
| She would go | She wouldn't go | Would she go? | Wouldn't she go? |
| We would go | We wouldn't go | Would we go? | Wouldn't we go? |
| They would go | They wouldn't go | Would they go? | Wouldn't they go? |